Allegheny Vine

Here’s a native plant you don’t see very often, but Ruby-throated Hummingbirds have a knack for finding and adoring it within the limited habitat where it still exists.

Allegheny Vine in Bloom
Allegheny Vine (Adlumia fungosa), also known as Climbing Fumitory or Mountain Fringe, is a seldom-found biennial herbaceous plant in the poppy family (Papaveraceae).  Both its divided leaves and drooping clusters of flowers might remind the observer of a more familiar member of the poppy family, the spring-blooming Dutchman’s Breeches.  But unlike the low-growing Dutchman’s Breeches, Allegheny Vine ascends nearby shrubs and small trees with trailing stems that add a garland-like pizzazz to the summertime foliage.
Ruby-throated Hummingbird at Allegheny Vine
Seen here creeping atop a small Sassafras (Sassafras albidum) tree, Allegheny Vine seldom escapes notice by the Ruby-throated Hummingbird, a primary pollinator of the plant.
Ruby-throated Hummingbird at Allegheny Vine
Allegheny Vine grows on moist, rocky slopes and blooms in late summer, just in time to refuel migrating Ruby-throated Hummingbirds.

Not likely to thrive in deep forest cover, Allegheny Vine is a denizen of edge habitat.  The species is dependent on some type of disturbance to maintain suitable growing conditions.  The plants seen here were found flowering in an area that had experienced a fire prior to last year’s growing season.  It is therefore quite possible that the fire completed the stratification process and triggered long-dormant seeds to germinate last spring or summer to develop a basal plant which matured and flowered during this second summer of the biennial’s growth.  On a forested slope opposite this site, a first-ever prescribed burn was conducted in March of this year to eliminate accumulated fuel and replicate a natural fire cycle.  With a little luck, this forest management approach may prompt additional long-dormant Allegheny Vine seeds to germinate and form basal plants this year for maturation in 2025.  Without man-made disturbances, Allegheny Vine may remain viable as a species by enduring seed dormancy periods of 40-100 years or more between fires, lightning strikes, wind storms, ice accumulations, and other events which clear the canopy and encourage growth.

Ruby-throated Hummingbird at Allegheny Vine
Many years in the making, Allegheny Vine nectar must be delectable because the hummers can’t leave it alone.  And another plus, with a little help from prescribed fire, this native creeping plant seems to be holding its own while in direct competition with invasive Mile-a-minute Weed (leaves in lower right).

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